| Closed captioning refers to the written dialogue of a | | | | every lip movement, the caption boxes match in each |
| film or show that displays on screen-directly | | | | shot, and we've avoided hiding any important visual |
| corresponding with what is being said. Its main purpose | | | | information a shot may have. Captions created offline |
| is to allow people with hearing disabilities to follow the | | | | can either roll up or pop up on the screen. As you |
| dialogue. With that said, it is also commonly used in loud | | | | would assume, roll-up captions roll up the screen line by |
| public places such as gyms and bars. The basic | | | | line, up to three lines at a time. Pop-up captions pop on |
| features of closed captioning include: white block | | | | and off the screen in a rectangular box. They include |
| letters against a black background, monospaced | | | | three lines as well, and usually describe sounds other |
| letters, a limited set of characters and lines, and the | | | | than words. Because the process is very tedious and |
| option of turning on and off. | | | | time-consuming, they are by far the most expensive to |
| The word "closed" in the term refers to the fact that | | | | create. Factors such as speaking rate and how often |
| certain electronics are required to make the captions | | | | the scenes change also must be taken into account. |
| visible and therefore are seen only by viewers who | | | | However, offline captions are the least likely to have |
| opt for them. Closed captioning is not to be confused | | | | any mistakes given that the writer is able to go back |
| with subtitles. The difference is that subtitles are | | | | and edit them as many times as (s)he wants. |
| preprogrammed into a film or show and are seen by | | | | On-line captioning, on the other hand, is conducted |
| all viewers. They are used when viewers can hear the | | | | simultaneously with a broadcast and usually appears in |
| actor(s) speaking but cannot understand the language | | | | a scrolling format. The three types of on-line captioning |
| and may be continuously displayed throughout the | | | | include: real-time captions, live-display captions, and |
| entire film or show, or only in particular sections. | | | | teleprompter captions. Real-time captions are the |
| Though captions may seem rather easy to include, the | | | | captions you see during live news, sports, and other |
| processes involved are actually somewhat | | | | live events. Live-display captions are typically |
| complicated. | | | | incorporated into a program that was previously live |
| The two general formats of closed captioning are | | | | but is to be broadcasted again. In this case, the |
| off-line captioning and on-line captioning. Off-line | | | | stenographer is able to review the real-time captions |
| captioning means that the captions are created and | | | | that were applied and make any necessary |
| incorporated after the product has been recorded. A | | | | corrections. Lastly, teleprompter captions are used |
| specialized computer program is used by trained | | | | when the script for an event has been prepared |
| caption writers (stenographers) who carefully watch | | | | ahead of time. As the speaker reads the script, it is |
| and listen to the dialogue as they enter the information | | | | simultaneously encoded onto a screen and |
| into a computer, while also inserting time codes and | | | | broadcasted. Obviously, real-time captions and |
| position codes to control exactly when and where | | | | teleprompter captions require a highly skilled typist who |
| each caption will appear on the screen. Each caption | | | | can type accurately and extremely fast. |
| must be placed precisely so that it matches up to | | | | |