Einstein's Learning Disability

Many organizations that promote the interests ofTrue, Einstein did not pass the college exam the first
individuals with learning disabilities claim that Alberttime he took it. However, aside from being only sixteen,
Einstein had a learning disability, and this claim hastwo years below the usual age, the plain fact was he
become widely accepted.did not study for it. His father wanted his son to follow
It is interesting to note that a review of biographicala technical occupation, a decision Einstein found difficult
sources, however, provides little or no evidence toto confront directly. Consequently, as he later admitted,
support this assertion.he avoided following the "unbearable" path of a
According to LD lore Einstein failed to talk until the age"practical profession" by not preparing himself for the
of four, the result of a language disability. It is alsotest.
claimed that Einstein could not read until the age ofIt is also true that, after graduating from the university,
nine. To strengthen their case LD proponents point toEinstein had difficulty finding a post. This was mainly
such facts that Einstein failed his first attempt atbecause his independent, intellectually rebellious nature
entrance into college and lost three teaching positionsmade him, in his own words, "a pariah" in the academic
in two years.community. One professor told him, "You have one
While this makes a nice story, this widely believedfault; one can't tell you anything."
notion is false, according to Ronald W. Clark'sAlso true is that Einstein went through three jobs in a
comprehensive biography of Einstein, and according toshort time, but not because of a learning disability. His
"Subtle is the Lord: The Science and Life of Albertfirst job was as a temporary research assistant, the
Einstein," a biography by Abraham Pais (Oxfordsecond as temporary replacement for a professor
University Press, 1982).who had to serve a two-month term in the army.
Pais states that although his family had initialClark remarks that it is "difficult to discover but easy to
apprehensions that he might be backward because ofimagine" why Einstein held his third job, as a teacher in
the unusually long time before he began to talk, Einsteina boarding school, for only a few months: "Einstein's
was speaking in whole sentences by some pointideas of minimum routine and minimum discipline were
between age two and three years. According to Clark,very different from those of his employer."
a far more plausible reason for his relatively lateIn his article "Was Einstein learning disabled? Anatomy
speech development is "the simpler situation suggestedof a myth," (published in 2004 in the "Skeptics Society
by Einstein's son Hans Albert, who says that his father& Skeptic Magazine," a revised version of an
was withdrawn from the world even as a boy."article that originally appeared in the March/April 2000
Whether one accepts this interpretation, otherissue of the "Journal of Learning Disabilities") Marlin
information helps us to judge Einstein's language abilitiesThomas concludes: "Given the meager basis for the
after he began to speak.claim that Einstein was learning disabled, one has to
Einstein entered school at the age of six, and againstwonder why it has become so accepted. Part of the
popular belief did very well. When he was seven hisreason is the encouragement it gives all of us to know
mother wrote, "Yesterday Albert received his grades,that even geniuses have shortcomings. The claim also
he was again number one, his report card was brilliant."enhances the prestige of learning disabled individuals.
At the age of twelve Einstein was reading physicsAny marginalized group benefits from having one of its
books. At thirteen, after reading the "Critique of Puremembers be a stellar figure in cultural history. These
Reason" and the work of other philosophers, Einsteinmay be salutary, but the consequence of claiming that
adopted Kant as his favorite author. About this time heEinstein was learning disabled without historical
also read Darwin. Pais states, "the widespread beliefevidence is harmful. It distorts the historical record and
that he was a poor student is unfounded."it questions the credibility of other claims regarding the
FAILING HIS COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMSlearning disabilities of prominent persons.