Residual Functional Capacity and Your Disability Claim

In order to be adjudicated as disabled before a SocialSomeone who is performing a job that involves
Security Administrative Law Judge (ALJ), an attorneymedium work does a lot of walking and moving
or claimants representative must follow and completearound. The tasks can be difficult and involve a
what is called the five step Social Security disabilitysignificant amount of lifting. An example of medium
evaluation process. The evaluation process asks thelifting could include moving medium sized boxes in a
individual seeking disability benefits five separateretail store from one point to another. If a claimant can
questions: (1) Are you working and are you performingperform medium work, similar to performing heavy
substantial gainful activity; (2) Is your condition severe;work, it will be difficult for the individual to meet the
(3) Does your condition meet or exceed a listedfourth step of the evaluation process.
impairment; (4) Can you do previous work; and (5)The third category of RFC is light work and is defined
What work can you do. While each of the five stepsby SSA as "lifting no more than 20 pounds with
must be proven to be adjudicated as disabled, provingfrequent lifting or carrying of weights up to 10 pounds."
the fourth step is often the most difficult. The processLight work could involve standing and walking and
of proving whether a claimant can do previous work isusually involves a lot of hand and arm movement.
determined by an individual's Residual FunctionalShuffling lightweight retail items would be an example
Capacity (RFC). This article explains what RFC is andof light work activity.
why it is important to every disability claim before anThe final of the four RFC categories is sedentary
ALJ.work. Sedentary work is "lifting no more than 10
The Social Security Administration (SSA) evaluatespounds no prolonged standing and walking." Sedentary
what someone's RFC is by determining the most workwork typically involves mostly sitting and although it
that a claimant can do despite any of his or hercould involve standing, it would only be occasionally.
limitations. SSA determines the most work that aLifting in this category might include filing, lifting small
claimant can do by dividing "work" into four differentobjects like staplers or folders, or any other basic very
categories: heavy, medium, light, and sedentary work. Itlight objects. If an individual can only perform sedentary
is worth noting that there is sometimes a fifth categorywork, there is a good chance that claimant will meet
that is recognized for very heavy work; however,the fourth step of the Social Security disability
very heavy work is scarcely used and will not beevaluation process. For more information about RFC
discussed in this article. Whether a claimant wins his orand the category definitions, visit the SSA website at
her disability claim is greatly affected by whichWhen a claimant is at a ALJ hearing, eventually the
category he or she is ultimately put into. The lower ancase will move to the fourth step of the five step
individual's RFC level, the greater the chances ofSocial Security disability evaluation process. Once the
meeting the fourth requirement of the five stepcase reaches the fourth step, the case will turn on a
evaluation process.determination of what the claimant's RFC level is. RFC
The first category of RFC is heavy work. If a claimantis divided into four distinct categories that classify an
can successfully complete tasks at a job where theindividual based on the kinds of work that he or she
work is classified as heavy, it will be extremely difficultcan perform, despite any limitations they might have.
to be adjudicated as disabled. Heavy work is definedIndicators that the ALJ is at the fourth step are when
by SSA as lifting "no more than 100 pounds withyou hear the Judge ask questions like "how much can
frequent lifting or carrying of weights up to 50 pounds."you carry?" or "how long can you stand?" The less
Heavy work involves lots of movement and includesmovement and lifting an individual can perform on the
heavy lifting and very little sitting.job, the lower his or her RFC level. Every RFC
The second category of RFC is medium work.category is different and can play a major role in
Medium work is "lifting no more that 50 pounds withdetermining whether a claimant wins his or her disability
frequent lifting or carrying of weights up to 25 pounds."benefits claim.