Special Education Laws

Special education refers to the education of children1997, which preserves the civil rights guarantees of
with physical disorders or disabilities, psychiatricIDEA 1997, but makes substantial changes regarding
disorders, emotional distress, behavioral disorders, andhow schools determine whether a child has learning
learning disorders. Traditional educational techniques ordisability and needs special education services.
school programs do not sufficiently meet theServices to very young children, i.e., infants and
requirements of these children. Children with specialtoddlers, are also covered under the IDEA. Section
education needs are guaranteed rights to services in504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is a civil rights
schools under federal and state laws. These lawslegislative act, which proscribes discrimination against
include Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Sectionchildren with disabilities and provides them with
504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, Individuals withreasonable accommodations. Under section 504, any
Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA 2004),person who has an impairment that substantially limits
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 (IDEAa major life activity is considered disabled.
1997), and No Child Left Behind (NCLB). These lawsThe Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) commands
guarantee special education programs and financialall educational institutions to meet the needs of children
assistance for disabled children and youth in the Unitedwith psychiatric problems. In the United States,
States.procedures for the implementation of the Federal laws
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) ofand procedural safeguards are different in different
1997 is a federal law that governs all special educationstates and therefore parents should have a good
services for children in the United States. The majorknowledge of the rules and regulations in their particular
objective of IDEA is to provide free and appropriatearea. For any assistance, parents can always contact
public education in the least restrictive environment.the regional office of the U.S. Department of Education
The IDEA 2004 is a revision or reauthorization of IDEAOffice for Civil Rights.