VRS - A Modest Proposal to Restructure Video Relay Services For the Deaf

Video Relay Service (VRS) enables persons who usewith deaf callers and who voice to hearing callers over
American Sign Language (ASL) to communicate withstandard telephone lines.
voice telephone users through video equipment, ratherIn late 2009, fraud among interpreter subcontractors
than through typed text (like the old TTY).for VRS service providers nearly destroyed Video
Videoconferencing equipment, videophone, orRelay Services for the deaf. The FBI arrested a
computer and webcam links the VRS user with annumber of interpreters in 9 states who were inflating
interpreter/operator - called a "CommunicationsVRS minutes and cheating the TRS fund out of
Assistant" (CA) - so that the deaf user and the CAmillions of dollars.
can communicate with each other in sign language and4. Least cost routing.
by voice to the hearing party. VRS has become anInstead of having calls routed to the default provider, I
enormously popular.would have all calls to 10 digit numbers registered to
Unfortunately, high rates (over $6 per minute) for VRSthe deaf routed through a central switch.
interpreting led to massive fraud and arrests in 2009.Sign language interpreting agencies would then submit
Recent proposals to lower the rates significantly havebids to the FCC for providing CAs. Calls would be
generated protests from the largest VRS servicerouted to the agency with the lowest bid who had an
providers.interpreter available to take a call.
I want to emphasize that the following proposals areAt this time, VRS service providers are compensated
my own personal opinion. I consult for a sign languageper minute of interpreting. Proposals for new, lower
interpreting agency, but not for any VRS providers.rates have brought claims that the new rates will drive
Modest proposal for reforming Video Relay Servicesproviders into bankruptcy.
(VRS):By having the service providers bid on what it costs
1. Separate the telecommunications/technicalthem to handle VRS calls - at a rate and with a profit
bandwidth side of VRS from the sign languagethey can accept - the fight over rates disappears.
interpreters.5. NAD/RID Certification for CAs.
As it stands now, for a VRS service provider toAs it stands now, the FCC allows VRS providers to
become licensed by the FCC, they must combine adetermine the qualifications of their interpreters. This
telco with a sign language interpreting agency. Theallowed criminal agencies to hire unqualified interpreters
types of businesses have nothing in common andto process "run calls" and bilk the government.
should be licensed and paid separately.Everyone would be better served if each CA met
Major telcos (ATT, Sprint, Verizon) should be able tosome minimal level of competence in ASL, and had
bid on providing the telecommunications portion ofsomething to lose if they engaged in fraud.
VRS calls without worrying about hiring ASLThe National Association for the Deaf (NAD) and the
interpreters.Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf (RID) have
2. Have the FCC assign a 10 digit geographical phonecertification programs in place. CA certification could
number to each deaf consumer - not providers.be easily added.
As it stands now, 10 digit numbers are assigned by theEach CA could be identified by a number. Complaints
default VRS service provider who originally signed upor fraud could then be tracked to the specific person
a deaf individual for VRS service. Unless the deafresponsible. Poor interpreters could be weeded out of
caller has the technical savvy to modify his equipment,the system
any calls he or she makes is handled by the defaultPass legislation to allow the FCC watchdogs to
provider.monitor random calls, much like wiretapping regulations
By giving away free, simple videoconferencingfor police.
equipment, SorensonVRS has captured about 70% ofPrivacy is a serious concern. Care would have to be
all VRS calls. Switching providers is possible buttaken not to record legitimate conversations. Monitoring
cumbersome.could be limited to 30 or 60 seconds unless suspicious
Emergency calls - e911 - are now the responsibility ofactivity is present.
the individual VRS service providers. I would pass thisHowever, fraud is hard to catch or prevent if calls
to a central authority or to the telco who wins thecannot be checked at random.
technical bid for VRS.Conclusion:
10 digit numbers allowed fraudulent VRS calls to beMarket forces via least cost routing provide a viable
routed to a particular agency.method to reduce the cost of VRS calls to the
3. Let sign language interpreting agencies bid ongovernment, maximize efficiency in the sign language
providing just ASL interpreters.agencies, and keep the rates at a level that allows
Communication Assistants (CAs) are the signVRS service providers to survive.
language interpreters who use video to communicate