What is a Disability? What Are Some of the Misconceptions About the Disability Community?

A disability as defined by the Americans with disabilitiesunderstand because they do not form the words
act says it is someone who has a pre-existingclearly. People who are blind also have various
condition or has been diagnosed as disabled. That isdegrees of visual site-- some have limited vision and
the description I will be referring to when I refer tosome are completely blind and have no vision. There
someone with a disability. Often you will hear that termare many causes for blindness-- glaucoma or macular
"handicapped"by able-bodied people to refer todegeneration which occurs late in life, therefore people
someone with a disability. Let me tell you where thewho were used to seeing and doing things for
term comes from-- it comes from the early part of thethemselves often have a hard time adjusting to the
20th century when people would stand on streetloss of sight.
corners with their cap in hand asking for money. If youMental illness is a hidden disability. Often this occurs
are referring to someone as handicapped then youdue to a chemical imbalance in the brain. Some
are handicapped and will someday learn what it dealscommon disabilities due to mental illness are
like to be discriminated against.schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophrenia often
There are many forms of disabilities such as peopleexhibits itself by people seeing and hearing things
who have developmental disabilities, physicalwhich aren't really there. Bipolar disorder is experiencing
limitations-- cerebral palsy, spina bifida, multiple sclerosis,highs and lows-- when someone is on a high they will
and muscular dystrophy. Some of these are disabilitiesgo for hours and hours without sleeping with
from birth and some you get later in life. They limit thehyperactive energy-- when someone is well they
individual's ability to carry out every day activities.often exhibit depression and will sleep for many hours.
Other disabilities are hearing impaired and visuallyThere are agencies are available to assist people with
impaired. A hidden disability is a mental illness-- which isdisabilities. For instance you have the muscular
something that is an environmental-- that is thatdystrophy Association, sent there for the visually
someone was usually abused in some way early in lifeimpaired, United cerebral palsy, spina bifida Association,
or it may be a chemical imbalance in the brain whichCrohn's and colitis Association, and many more.
controls certain behaviors.When you learn what a disability is and how it affects
For example, cerebral palsy is a neurological disabilitydifferent people or that having a disability should not be
that affects the muscles and movement, but it alsoa stigma and that people with disabilities should be
affects how the brain processes information so thataccepted for who they are and I'll lay old to have
the individual may not show their true capabilities. Sincegoals just like anyone else then society will learn to
it affects the muscles, it can affect movement-- foraccept its disability community and integrate them into
some people it's severe enough that they are inevery day activities.
wheelchairs, or it can be very mild so that it affectsWe are still a long way from having society accept
only either the upper portion of the lower portion of thepeople with disabilities being integrated into the
body separately, or one side of the body or the otherworkplace or even in recreational areas. This is
side separately. It can also affect your speechbecause the generation who are the decision-makers
depending on whether those muscles are alsogrew up in an error before people with disabilities will
affected by the disability.guarantee the right to an education or the right to
When it comes to muscular dystrophy or multipleemployment, so they still see someone with a disability
sclerosis this is a disability controlled by the nervousas being a deviant instead of someone who just
system cell that it is a gradual loss of movement andhappens to have special needs and be willing to adapt
control of body movement. Spina bifida is a disabilityto each individuals needs. For instance, if someone had
that comes from birth-- this is when a baby is borndifficulty using their hands, there is a software called
with an open spine-- some of the issues that peopleDragon naturally speaking which is a speech to text
with this disability have is a collection of fluid on thesoftware, which allows the individual to do the same
brain which has to be drained, therefore, they have tothings on the computer and someone else would do
have a chance in the head. It also means thatwith the hands. With adaptive equipment people with
sometimes the lower limbs do not function properly.disabilities can do anything anyone else can do and be
Some children affected by this will need wheelchairscompetitive in the workplace or even in recreational
and others will be able to use crutches to get a round.activities.
Deafness is a hidden disability because often whenIt is just a matter of society changing their attitudes a
someone is deaf you cannot say it, you only knowdoubt someone with a disability or even people from
when they open their mouth as their mouth to speak.different cultures. Even though people will not admit
Depending on the degree of the deafness-- dependsthere is still prejudice about someone who is different
on the quality of speech they have. But some whothan you are.
have complete deafness their speech is difficult to