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Hypogonadism - Definition, Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Hypogonadism is a medical term for a defectHypogonadism is most often treated by
of the reproductive system which results inreplacement of the appropriate hormones.
lack of function of the gonads (ovaries orGonadotropin or GnRH replacement is offered
testes). Hypogonadism may occur if theto the patient when fertility is desired.
hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis isOral testosterone is no longer used in the
interrupted at any level. HypergonadotropicU.S. because it is broken down in the liver
hypogonadism (primary hypogonadism) resultsand rendered inactive. In boys, testosterone
if the gonad does not produce the amount ofreplacement therapy (TRT) can stimulate
steroid sufficient to suppress secretion ofpuberty and the development of secondary
LH and FSH at normal levels. Hypogonadismcharacteristics, such as increased muscle
resulting from defects of the gonads ismass, beard and pubic hair growth. Also
traditionally referred to as primaryavailable is a topical 1% testosterone gel.
hypogonadism. Examples include KlinefelterIt is applied once daily to clean, dry skin
syndrome and Turner syndrome. Hypogonadismof the shoulders, upper arms, or abdomen.
resulting from hypothalamic or pituitaryAnother alternative is testosterone patches.
defects are termed secondary hypogonadism orThe testosterone may be mixed with the
central hypogonadism (referring to theadhesive with a new patch applied daily to a
central nervous system). Hypogonadism candifferent site; this system leaves a sticky
affect men of any age, from fetalresidue but causes little skin irritation.
development, through puberty and adulthood.Injections of pituitary hormone may be used
Hypogonadism is one of the main causes ofto help male patients produce sperm. In
male infertility. It is estimated that 13others, surgery and radiation therapy may be
million men in the United States alone areneeded. In adult men, TRT can restore
affected by hypogonadism. Hypogonadism isfunction and muscle strength and prevent bone
caused by deficient testosterone secretion byloss.
the testes. The two basic types of male
hypogonadism  are  Primary  and  Secondary.Treatment  for  Hypogonadism  Tips
Hypogonadism Primary, also known as primary1. Hormone-based medicines are available for
testicular failure, originates from anmen  and  women.
abnormality in the testicles. Hypogonadism
may be induced by chronic use of anabolic2. Estrogen comes in the form of a patch or
androgenic steroids (AAS). The Secondary typepill.
of hypogonadism is caused by defects in the
pituitary gland connected to the brain that3. Testosterone can be given by using a patch
controls hormone production. If chemicalInjections of pituitary hormone may be used
messages from the pituitary gland to theto  help  male  patients  produce  sperm.
testicles aren't sent, impaired testicular
function occurs. This condition can be a4. Topical 1% testosterone gel. It is applied
result from defects in development of theonce daily to clean, dry skin of the
pituitary gland, certain inflammatoryshoulders,  upper  arms,  or  abdomen.
diseases, and the use of certain drugs used
in the treatment of psychiatric disorders and5. Tumors can be treated with surgery and
gastroesophageal reflux disease. Mental andradiotherapy.
emotional changes can also accompany
hypogonadism. As testosterone decreases, some6. In boys, testosterone replacement therapy
men may experience signs and symptoms similar(TRT) can stimulate puberty and the
to those of menopause in women. These maydevelopment of secondary characteristics,
include hot flashes, decreased drive,such as increased muscle mass, beard and
irritability,  depression  and  fatigue.pubic hair growth.



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