| How well do you know Roth IRAs? Here are five | | | | It depends on four things: What year it is, how much |
| tough questions. Let's see how you do… | | | | money you make, your marital status and the type of |
| 1. I am 72 years young and still working. Can I set up a | | | | income tax return you file. If you are talking about a |
| Roth IRA? | | | | tax year before 2010 and your adjusted gross income |
| Yes. Unlike a traditional IRA, which does not allow | | | | exceeds $100,000 or you are married and file a |
| contributions past age 70 1/2, Roth IRAs have no age | | | | separate return, you can't convert your traditional IRA |
| limitations. You can continue to contribute to your Roth | | | | to a Roth. Period. |
| as long as you have compensation. | | | | After 2009, these limitations don't apply and you are |
| 2. I am married, age 57, file a joint tax return and make | | | | good to go. Moreover, you can spread the income tax |
| $65,000. I am a participant in a 401(k) plan at work and | | | | due on the rollover over tax years 2011 and 2012. |
| put $5,000 into my own traditional IRA. Can I set up a | | | | 5. I am 55 and have had my Roth IRA for 3 years. I |
| Roth IRA? | | | | just went on disability and need to withdraw a good |
| Not in the tax year in question. You already put your | | | | portion of it. Is the withdrawal taxable? And since I am |
| regular contribution limit ($4,000) into your traditional IRA | | | | not 59 1/2 do I have to pay the 10% penalty tax? |
| along with another $1,000 catch-up contribution which is | | | | Your Roth IRA consists of two elements: your |
| allowed because you are over age 50. In your case, | | | | contributions and earnings. You can take out any |
| you have made the maximum IRA contribution. If you | | | | amount up to your total contributions tax free. |
| put less into your traditional IRA, you could put the | | | | In order for any earnings withdrawal to be tax free, |
| difference, up to $5,000, into a Roth IRA. | | | | the distribution has to be a "qualified distribution". To be |
| 3. I am single and my modified adjusted gross income | | | | qualified, the distribution needs to be made after five |
| for 2006 was $115,000. I have an existing Roth IRA. | | | | taxable years starting with the first Roth contribution. |
| Can I make a contribution for 2006? | | | | Then assuming this five year rule is satisfied, you can |
| No, you made too much money. For 2006, if your | | | | take out money tax free if you are over age 59 1/2, |
| modified adjusted gross income was less than | | | | disabled, or to buy a first home for yourself, your |
| $95,000, you could make a full contribution to your | | | | spouse, children or grandchildren ($10,000 maximum). |
| Roth IRA. The rules say if it was more than $110,000, | | | | The rules go on to say if you die and your spouse |
| you cannot make any contribution. If it was between | | | | elects to treat your Roth IRA as their own, any |
| $95,000 and $110,000, there is a formula to calculate a | | | | distributions would be qualified. |
| partial contribution limit. | | | | Distributions before age 59 1/2 are subject to a 10% |
| If you were married and filed a joint return, you could | | | | premature penalty tax. However, this tax only applies if |
| have made up to $150,000 and made a full Roth IRA | | | | the distribution is includable in income. If you take out |
| contribution. If you were married and your modified | | | | your contributions, these are not taxed. |
| adjusted gross income was over $160,000, no | | | | In your case, you qualify for one of the exceptions: |
| contribution would have been possible. For incomes | | | | disability. So there is no 10% penalty tax. |
| falling between these numbers, a partial contribution | | | | These examples are based on my interpretation of |
| determined by a formula could have been made. | | | | the rules and should not be relied upon as tax advice. |
| Also note the income limits are now indexed; they will | | | | The complexities of distributions from any qualified plan |
| be higher in 2007 and beyond. | | | | or IRA underscore the necessity to consult with a |
| 4. I have an existing traditional IRA and I want to roll it | | | | qualified tax professional prior to making any |
| over to a Roth IRA. Is this possible? | | | | withdrawal. |