Learn how to help people with disabilities


What is learning disability?

You wonder why different professionals come
to different conclusions about whether or notPreschool Speaks later than most kids Is
your child has a learning disability (LD).unable to find the right word when carrying
Why did the private assessment results sayon a conversation Can't rapidly name words in
that your child has LD, but the public schoola specific category Has difficulty rhyming
disagreed? What is a Learning Disability? AHas trouble learning alphabet, days of the
learning disability affects the way kids ofweek, colors, shapes, numbers Is extremely
average to above average intelligencerestless and easily distracted Can't follow
receive, process, or express information anddirections or routines Grades K-4 Is slow to
lasts  throughout  life.learn the connections between letters and
sounds Can't blend sounds to make words Makes
It impacts the ability to learn the basicconsistent reading and spelling errors Has
skills  of  reading,  writing,  or  math.problems remembering sequences and telling
time Is slow to learn new skills Has
The Coordinated Campaign for Learningdifficulty planning Grades 5-8 Is slow to
Disabilities (CCLD), a coalition of nationallearn prefixes, suffixes, root words, and
organizations within the learningother reading strategies Avoids reading aloud
disabilities community, defines LD as "aHas difficulty with word problems in math
neurobiological disorder in which a person'sSpells the same word differently in a single
brain works or is structured differently."piece of writing Avoids reading and writing
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mentaltasks Has difficulty remembering or
Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), used byunderstanding what she had read Works slowly
psychologists and medical doctors, doesn'tHas difficulty understanding and/or
list "learning disability," but describesgeneralizing concepts Misreads directions and
disorders in reading, mathematics, andinformation Assessment for LD If you suspect
written expression. Academic achievement, asthat your child may have LD, consult with her
measured by standardized tests, must beteacher and other school staff to decide next
substantially below expectations for thesteps. A prereferral support team may be one
child's chronological age, intelligence, andoption.
age-appropriate  education.
Remember that the public school is obligated
If you suspect that your child may have LD,to assess your child to see if she has a
consult with her teacher and other schooldisability and needs special education
staff  to  decide  next  steps.services to benefit from her general
education program. This is true whether she
Individuals with Disabilities Education Actattends a public or private school. The
(IDEA), the federal law that provides forpublic school is not legally required to
special education, defines "specific learningprovide a diagnosis, give you more
disability" as a disorder in one or more ofinformation for her tutor, or qualify her for
the basic psychological processes involved inextra  time  on  college  entrance  exams.
understanding or using spoken or written
language. Skills of listening, speaking,Under law, LD must be identified by a group
reading, writing, and/or mathematics may beof professionals from different fields, a
negatively  affected.multidisciplinary team, who has assessed your
child. While public schools must consider
What a Learning Disability is Not Attentionreports you obtained privately, they have the
disorders, such as Attention-Deficitright to assess your child before making any
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and learningdecisions.
disabilities often occur at the same time,
but  they're  not  the  same.With the right support and interventions,
your child can succeed in school and become a
Learning disabilities are not the same assuccessful  adult.
mental retardation, autism, hearing or visual
impairment, physical disabilities, emotionalFollowing assessment, the public school team
disorders, or the normal process of learningwill meet with you to discuss the results and
a  second  language.decide if your child is eligible for special
education services at the public school.
Learning disabilities aren't caused by lackWhether or not she's eligible, evaluation
of educational opportunities, such asresults can be used to plan her educational
frequent changes of schools, poor schoolprogram, help her understand her learning
attendance, or lack of instruction in basicdisabilities, and find ways to be successful.
skills.
What Can You Do? With the right support and
Facts about LD: Difficulty with basic readinginterventions, your child can succeed in
and  language  skills are the most common LD.school and become a successful adult. You can
help her in the following ways: Speak with
LD  may  be  inherited.her openly and acknowledge her learning
difficulties.
LD affect girls as frequently as they do
boys.Remind her that she is intelligent but has a
different  way  of  learning.
Kids  don't  outgrow  or  get  cured  of  LD.
Identify her strengths and talents, and
With support and intervention, kids with LDencourage  her  to  develop  them.
can  be  successful  in  learning  and  life.
Coach her on strategies that will help her
What Should You Look For? Most kids have somethrough  her  learning  challenges.
problems in school at one time or another.
Some struggle with a specific subject whileSupport  her  efforts  to  succeed.
others have trouble relating to a certain
style of teaching. Sometimes learningBe  available  to  help  her  with  homework.
disabilities are blamed on lack of
motivation, immaturity, or behavior problems.Be a role model read a book or newspaper or
But if your child has significant ongoingwrite  a  letter  while  she  studies.
problems with the "3 R's" basic skills of
reading, writing, and arithmetic then he maySet  realistic  goals  and  expectations.
have  a  learning  disability.
Work  collaboratively  with  school  staff.
Because each child has a unique set of
strengths and challenges, you'll want to talkUnderstand  the  educational  system.
with the teacher, other school staff, family
members, and your child to get their input.Listen  to your child when she wants to talk.
As you think about the following factors, ask
yourself if your child has shown theseTeach her to understand her own needs and
characteristics to a greater degree thanadvocate  for  them.
normal for her age, over a period of time,
and in different environments, e.g., school,Appreciate her for her uniqueness, special
home,  child  care  settings,  community.qualities, and contributions.



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