| The term functional training is widely
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| | disabled has an easier time than the
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| used in the strength and conditioning
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| | disabled person would. We need to treat
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| field. Functional training can be
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| | everything as a skill from the most
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| described as training with a purpose in
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| | simple to the complex.
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| order to perform a particular function.
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| | We train skill first in order to improve
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| This purpose covers a wide spectrum and
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| | neuromuscular efficiency. Neuromuscular
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| depends on the goals of the individual.
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| | efficiency is a fancy word for
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| What may be functional for one person or
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| | coordination and since this is the
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| sport may not be for another. With this
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| | fastest adaptation we train it first. In
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| in mind we must always ask, "Why am I
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| | essence we are training movement patterns
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| training the way I am training."
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| | that the brain (Central Nervous System)
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| Even when we ask the why behind the
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| | is able to process rapidly, and since the
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| training we have to be careful as to what
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| | muscles are a slave to the brain, you get
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| is functional and what is not. Each
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| | more efficient recruitment of muscle and
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| person may have a different view on what
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| | this leads to better balance, stability,
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| functional training is and this can lead
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| | movement, and increased flexibility. The
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| to ambiguity. For a bodybuilder looking
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| | first strength adaptations made in the
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| to acquire lean muscle mass they will
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| | first 8-12 weeks of a strength training
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| consider their training to be functional.
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| | program are due to these neural factors.
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| Isolation, single joint, seated and
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| | Rather than wait the 8-12 weeks for these
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| stabilized/machine movements will be a
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| | neural factors to "kick in" in a strength
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| large part of their training. Conversely,
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| | training program, we train skill
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| a track athlete or a field sport athlete
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| | movements first as to facilitate this
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| looking to improve performance will
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| | neural adaptation process, and thus an 8
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| consider their training to be functional.
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| | week head start in comparison to a
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| Integrated, compound, ground based, and
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| | traditional strength training approach.
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| stability limited movements will be a
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| | The acquisition of skill represents
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| large part of their training. Santana
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| | strength and people can become stronger
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| (2000) states, "A safe definition for
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| | without adding any additional muscle and
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| functional training is training that
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| | do so in a shorter time. Once we start
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| conditions the body consistent with its
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| | using skill to engage muscle systems, the
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| integrated movement and/or use". Even
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| | muscles get bigger and stronger (fires
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| with the reasoning above it is hard to
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| | more efficiently) when called upon
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| come up with a concrete definition of
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| | repeatedly.
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| what functional training is.
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| | The basic skill movements we train are:
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| The term movement skill training is more
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| | Rotation, squatting, reaching, lunging
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| precise and can be defined as training
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| | stepping, pushing, and pulling. These
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| that conditions the body through basic
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| | movements represent the 4 basic skill
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| skill movements utilizing gravity,
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| | categories: Locomotion, level changes,
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| momentum, ground reaction forces, and 360
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| | push/pull, and rotation. Santana (2000)
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| degrees of movement in order to improve
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| | refers to these categories as the 4
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| stability, balance, coordination,
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| | pillars of human movement. All movements
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| strength and power, and most importantly,
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| | that we perform on a daily basis, even
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| reduce the likelihood of injury. Our
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| | those in weight training fall under this
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| operational environment consists of
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| | 4 pillar approach.
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| gravity, momentum, ground reaction
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| | How can movement skill training benefit
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| forces, and 360 degrees of movement.
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| | you? The first thing to realize is that
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| These are the factors that we deal with
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| | our bodies are built to move and are too
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| on an everyday basis and those you cannot
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| | complex and distinct to be effectively
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| avoid.
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| | trained by any machine. Movement skill
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| It is important to keep in mind that
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| | training trains movement patterns and not
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| everything we do is a skill. Skills can
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| | isolated muscles. Training movement
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| range from learning how to get up and go
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| | patterns allows one to train multiple
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| to the bathroom, as in the case of a
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| | muscles groups at one time which allows
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| disabled person, to reaching down to pick
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| | for more results in a shorter period of
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| up something off the floor to high- level
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| | time. While training movement patterns
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| situations involving athletes. Whether
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| | you are also working your stabilizing
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| the task is very simple or complex it is
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| | muscles which are so important to
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| still a skill. Let's take walking for
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| | reducing the risk of injury. Machine
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| example. Most of us have no problem
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| | training and most traditional
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| walking but for someone who is disabled
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| | bodybuilding exercises provide
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| just learning how to properly walk has to
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| | little(artificial stabilization) or no
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| be viewed as a skill just as it would for
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| | stabilization at all and even though you
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| someone who is not disabled. The only
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| | may get that "pump" you may not be
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| difference is that the person who is not
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| | getting a complete workout.
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